Creation and use of matrixes in C++<\/span>\u00a0(multi – dimensional arrays)<\/p>\n
Two-Dimensional Arrays:<\/h2>\n
The simplest form of the multidimensional array is the two-dimensional array. A two-dimensional array is, in essence, a list of one-dimensional arrays. To declare a two-dimensional integer array of size x,y, you would write something as follows:<\/p>\n
#d6d6d6;\">type arrayName <\/span>[<\/span> x <\/span>][<\/span> y <\/span>];<\/span><\/pre>\nWhere\u00a0type<\/strong>\u00a0can be any valid C++ data type and\u00a0arrayName<\/strong>\u00a0will be a valid C++ identifier.<\/p>\n
A two-dimensional array can be think as a table, which will have x number of rows and y number of columns. A 2-dimensional array\u00a0a<\/strong>, which contains three rows and four columns can be shown as below:<\/p>\n
<\/center><\/p>\nThus, every element in array a is identified by an element name of the form\u00a0a[ i ][ j ]<\/strong>, where a is the name of the array, and i and j are the subscripts that uniquely identify each element in a.<\/p>\n
Initializing Two-Dimensional Arrays:<\/h2>\nMultidimensioned arrays may be initialized by specifying bracketed values for each row. Following is an array with 3 rows and each row have 4 columns.<\/p>\n
#d6d6d6;\">int<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>  \n {<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>}<\/span> ,<\/span>   \/*  initializers for row indexed by 0 *\/<\/span>\n {<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>,<\/span> 6<\/span>,<\/span> 7<\/span>}<\/span> ,<\/span>   \/*  initializers for row indexed by 1 *\/<\/span>\n {<\/span>8<\/span>,<\/span> 9<\/span>,<\/span> 10<\/span>,<\/span> 11<\/span>}<\/span>   \/*  initializers for row indexed by 2 *\/<\/span>\n};<\/span><\/pre>\nThe nested braces, which indicate the intended row, are optional. The following initialization is equivalent to previous example:<\/p>\n
#d6d6d6;\">int<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>3<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>5<\/span>,<\/span>6<\/span>,<\/span>7<\/span>,<\/span>8<\/span>,<\/span>9<\/span>,<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>11<\/span>};<\/span><\/pre>\nAccessing Two-Dimensional Array Elements:<\/h2>\nAn element in 2-dimensional array is accessed by using the subscripts, i.e., row index and column index of the array. For example:<\/p>\n
#d6d6d6;\">int<\/span> val <\/span>=<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>][<\/span>3<\/span>];<\/span><\/pre>\nThe above statement will take 4th element from the 3rd row of the array. You can verify it in the above digram.<\/p>\n
#d6d6d6;\">#include<\/a><\/span> <\/iostream><\/span>\nusing<\/span> namespace<\/span> std<\/span>;<\/span>\n \nint<\/span> main <\/span>()<\/span>\n{<\/span>\n   \/\/ an array with 5 rows and 2 columns.<\/span>\n   int<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>5<\/span>][<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>},<\/span> {<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>},<\/span> {<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>},<\/span> {<\/span>3<\/span>,<\/span>6<\/span>},{<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>8<\/span>}};<\/span>\n \n   \/\/ output each array element's value                      <\/span>\n   for<\/span> (<\/span> int<\/span> i <\/span>=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> )<\/span>\n      for<\/span> (<\/span> int<\/span> j <\/span>=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> j <\/span> 2<\/span>;<\/span> j<\/span>++<\/span> )<\/span>\n      {<\/span>\n         cout <\/span> \"a[\"<\/span>  i <\/span> \"][\"<\/span>  j <\/span> \"]: \"<\/span>;<\/span>\n         cout <\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>i<\/span>][<\/span>j<\/span>] endl<\/span>;<\/span>\n      }<\/span>\n \n   return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\nWhen the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:<\/p>\n#d6d6d6;\">a<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 0<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 0<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 1<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 2<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 2<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 4<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 3<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 6<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>4<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 4<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>4<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 8<\/span><\/pre>\nAs explained above, you can have arrays with any number of dimensions, although it is likely that most of the arrays you create will be of one or two dimensions.<\/p>\n
Credits:<\/p>\n<\/a>http:\/<\/wbr>\/<\/wbr>www.tutorialspoint.com\/<\/wbr>cplusplus\/<\/wbr>cpp_multi_dimensional_arrays.htm<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n
#TC<\/a>1017 #Mastery<\/a>26<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\nCreation and use of matrixes in C++<\/span> (multi – dimensional arrays)<\/p>\nTwo-Dimensional Arrays:<\/h2>\nThe simplest form of the multidimensional array is the two-dimensional array. A two-dimensional array is, in essence, a list of one-dimensional arrays. To declare a two-dimensional integer array of size x,y, you would write something as follows:<\/p>\n#d6d6d6;\">type arrayName <\/span>[<\/span> x <\/span>][<\/span> y <\/span>];<\/span><\/pre>\nWhere type<\/strong> can be any valid C++ data type and arrayName<\/strong> will be a valid C++ identifier.<\/p>\n
A two-dimensional array can be think as a table, which will have x number of rows and y number of columns. A 2-dimensional array a<\/strong>, which contains three rows and four columns can be shown as below:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Thus, every element in array a is identified by an element name of the form a[ i ][ j ]<\/strong>, where a is the name of the array, and i and j are the subscripts that uniquely identify each element in a.<\/p>\nInitializing Two-Dimensional Arrays:<\/h2>\nMultidimensioned arrays may be initialized by specifying bracketed values for each row. Following is an array with 3 rows and each row have 4 columns.<\/p>\n#d6d6d6;\">int<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>  \n {<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>}<\/span> ,<\/span>   \/*  initializers for row indexed by 0 *\/<\/span>\n {<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>,<\/span> 6<\/span>,<\/span> 7<\/span>}<\/span> ,<\/span>   \/*  initializers for row indexed by 1 *\/<\/span>\n {<\/span>8<\/span>,<\/span> 9<\/span>,<\/span> 10<\/span>,<\/span> 11<\/span>}<\/span>   \/*  initializers for row indexed by 2 *\/<\/span>\n};<\/span><\/pre>\nThe nested braces, which indicate the intended row, are optional. The following initialization is equivalent to previous example:<\/p>\n#d6d6d6;\">int<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>3<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>5<\/span>,<\/span>6<\/span>,<\/span>7<\/span>,<\/span>8<\/span>,<\/span>9<\/span>,<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span>11<\/span>};<\/span><\/pre>\nAccessing Two-Dimensional Array Elements:<\/h2>\nAn element in 2-dimensional array is accessed by using the subscripts, i.e., row index and column index of the array. For example:<\/p>\n#d6d6d6;\">int<\/span> val <\/span>=<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>][<\/span>3<\/span>];<\/span><\/pre>\nThe above statement will take 4th element from the 3rd row of the array. You can verify it in the above digram.<\/p>\n#d6d6d6;\">#include<\/a><\/span> <\/span>\nusing<\/span> namespace<\/span> std<\/span>;<\/span>\n \nint<\/span> main <\/span>()<\/span>\n{<\/span>\n   \/\/ an array with 5 rows and 2 columns.<\/span>\n   int<\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>5<\/span>][<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>},<\/span> {<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>},<\/span> {<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>},<\/span> {<\/span>3<\/span>,<\/span>6<\/span>},{<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>8<\/span>}};<\/span>\n \n   \/\/ output each array element's value                      <\/span>\n   for<\/span> (<\/span> int<\/span> i <\/span>=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> )<\/span>\n      for<\/span> (<\/span> int<\/span> j <\/span>=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> j <\/span> 2<\/span>;<\/span> j<\/span>++<\/span> )<\/span>\n      {<\/span>\n         cout <\/span> \"a[\"<\/span>  i <\/span> \"][\"<\/span>  j <\/span> \"]: \"<\/span>;<\/span>\n         cout <\/span> a<\/span>[<\/span>i<\/span>][<\/span>j<\/span>] endl<\/span>;<\/span>\n      }<\/span>\n \n   return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\nWhen the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:<\/p>\n#d6d6d6;\">a<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 0<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 0<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 1<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 2<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 2<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 4<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 3<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 6<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>4<\/span>][<\/span>0<\/span>]:<\/span> 4<\/span>\na<\/span>[<\/span>4<\/span>][<\/span>1<\/span>]:<\/span> 8<\/span><\/pre>\nAs explained above, you can have arrays with any number of dimensions, although it is likely that most of the arrays you create will be of one or two dimensions.<\/p>\n
Credits:<\/p>\n<\/a>http:\/\/www.tutorialspoint.com\/cplusplus\/cpp_multi_dimensional_arrays.htm<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n
#TC<\/a>1017 #Mastery<\/a>26<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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