Creation and use of matrixes in C++ (multi – dimensional arrays)
Two-Dimensional Arrays:
The simplest form of the multidimensional array is the two-dimensional array. A two-dimensional array is, in essence, a list of one-dimensional arrays. To declare a two-dimensional integer array of size x,y, you would write something as follows:
#d6d6d6;">type arrayName [ x ][ y ];
Where type can be any valid C++ data type and arrayName will be a valid C++ identifier.
A two-dimensional array can be think as a table, which will have x number of rows and y number of columns. A 2-dimensional array a, which contains three rows and four columns can be shown as below:
Thus, every element in array a is identified by an element name of the form a[ i ][ j ], where a is the name of the array, and i and j are the subscripts that uniquely identify each element in a.
Initializing Two-Dimensional Arrays:
Multidimensioned arrays may be initialized by specifying bracketed values for each row. Following is an array with 3 rows and each row have 4 columns.
#d6d6d6;">int a[3][4] = {
{0, 1, 2, 3} , /* initializers for row indexed by 0 */
{4, 5, 6, 7} , /* initializers for row indexed by 1 */
{8, 9, 10, 11} /* initializers for row indexed by 2 */
};
The nested braces, which indicate the intended row, are optional. The following initialization is equivalent to previous example:
#d6d6d6;">int a[3][4] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11};
Accessing Two-Dimensional Array Elements:
An element in 2-dimensional array is accessed by using the subscripts, i.e., row index and column index of the array. For example:
#d6d6d6;">int val = a[2][3];
The above statement will take 4th element from the 3rd row of the array. You can verify it in the above digram.
#d6d6d6;">#include
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
// an array with 5 rows and 2 columns.
int a[5][2] = { {0,0}, {1,2}, {2,4}, {3,6},{4,8}};
// output each array element's value
for ( int i = 0; i 5; i++ )
for ( int j = 0; j 2; j++ )
{
cout "a[" i "][" j "]: ";
cout a[i][j] endl;
}
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:
#d6d6d6;">a[0][0]: 0
a[0][1]: 0
a[1][0]: 1
a[1][1]: 2
a[2][0]: 2
a[2][1]: 4
a[3][0]: 3
a[3][1]: 6
a[4][0]: 4
a[4][1]: 8
As explained above, you can have arrays with any number of dimensions, although it is likely that most of the arrays you create will be of one or two dimensions.
Credits:
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/cplusplus/cpp_multi_dimensional_arrays.htm
#TC1017 #Mastery26
